Everton, Fulham and Leicester all made big-money signings as the earliest transfer deadline in Premier League history came to life late in the day.
However, the amount spent in the window by Premier League clubs fell for the first time in eight years, to £1.2bn.
Tottenham - who did not sign any players this summer - and Manchester United made no signings on 9 August.
The deadline was moved from 31 August to the day before the Premier League season starts after a vote by clubs.
Yerry Mina's £27m move to Everton from Barcelona was the day's big transfer.
The deadline also applied to English Football League clubs - although they can still sign free agents and loan players until 31 August.
Premier League and EFL clubs voted - although not unanimously - to close the transfer market earlier this season to avoid disruption to the opening weeks of the season.
However, it was only introduced in England, with Spanish, German, French and Scottish clubs able to sign players until the end of the month.
Italy has a deadline of Friday, 17 August - the day before Serie A starts.
Players could still leave the Premier League - with Chelsea's Eden Hazard a reported target for Spanish giants Real Madrid, although the Blues would then not be able to sign a replacement.
