US warning

 

With Putin's speech ratcheting up the tensions, the United States warned Russia privately of "catastrophic" consequences if it uses nuclear weapons, top US officials said.

 

Secretary of State Antony Blinken, in an interview broadcast on Sunday, confirmed reports that the US sent private warnings to Russia to steer clear of nuclear war.

 

"We have been very clear with the Russians publicly, and, as well as privately, to stop the loose talk about nuclear weapons," Blinken told the CBS News programme "60 Minutes" in New York on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.

 

"It's very important that Moscow hear from us and know from us that the consequences would be horrific. And we've made that very clear," Blinken said.

 

"Any use of nuclear weapons would have catastrophic effects for, of course, the country using them, but for many others as well."

 

Jake Sullivan, President Joe Biden's national security advisor, said in a separate interview Sunday that the United States has warned Russia at "very high levels" of "catastrophic consequences" for using nuclear arms.

 

The United States and its allies would "respond decisively," Sullivan said on CBS's "Face the Nation." "We have been clear and specific about what that will entail."

 

Russia and the United States are the world's largest nuclear weapons powers, but separate from the threats of planetary destruction, Russian military doctrine permits the use of tactical nuclear weapons on the battlefield to force an enemy to retreat.

 

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, asked during a news conference on Saturday at the United Nations about Putin's comments, said only that Moscow's doctrine "is an open document."

 

No country has used nuclear weapons on the battlefield except the United States in 1945, when it destroyed the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing more than 200,000 people. Imperial Japan surrendered days later, ending World War II.