A widely used “forever chemical” found in drinking water may pose greater risks to human health than previously understood, according to a new assessment by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), reported by Dutch broadcaster NOS.
The agency said trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), a chemical used in pesticides and air-conditioning systems, may harm unborn children and negatively affect reproductive health. It also classified TFA as “persistent, mobile and toxic,” warning that it could contribute to long-term contamination of water supplies.
“This insight is certainly new,” toxicologist Jacob de Boer told NOS, noting that while earlier studies had raised concerns, ECHA’s more extensive review provides stronger evidence and “worrying signals” that require attention.
TFA has previously been considered less harmful than many other PFAS compounds, despite growing concern from environmental scientists and advocacy groups. PFAS, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are often called “forever chemicals” because they break down extremely slowly in the environment and can accumulate in water and soil.
The Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) said it was already aware of the potential risks and welcomed the new classification as an important step toward broader international recognition of the issue.
The assessment could influence ongoing discussions within the European Union on possible future restrictions on PFAS chemicals, which are widely used across industrial and consumer applications.
TFA’s ability to dissolve easily in water allows it to enter drinking water systems, raising concerns about widespread and long-term environmental exposure.
The findings add to mounting scientific scrutiny of PFAS substances and their potential impact on public health and ecosystems.
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